Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT)

DETECTION OF FRAUDULENT PHONE CALLS DETECTION IN MOBILE APPLICATIONS

Dr K. BHARGAVI, B. MITHILA SHIVANI — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The primary challenge faced over the course of this decade-long endeavour is the difficulty in devising effective features without direct access to telephony network infrastructure. we conducted an extensive three-month measurement study using these call logs, which encompassed a staggering 9 billion records. Based on the insights gleaned from this study, we identified and designed 29 features that could be used by machine learning algorithms to predict malicious calls. Fraudulent phone calls or scams and spam s via telephone or mobile phone have become a common threat to individuals and organizations. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have emerged as powerful tools in detecting and analyzing fraud or malicious calls. This paper presents an overview of AI-based fraud or spam detection and analysis techniques, along with its challenges and potential solutions. The novel fraud call detection approach is proposed that achieved high accuracy and precision. The outcomes revealed that the most effective approach could reduce unblocked malicious calls by up to 90%, while maintaining a precision rate exceeding 93.79% for benign call traffic. Moreover, our analysis demonstrated that these models could be implemented efficiently without incurring significant latency overhead.

SPECTRUM SENSING USING COOPERATIVE MATCHED FILTER DETECTOR IN COGNITIVE RADIO

Gaith Khalil, Ayoob Aziz, Zozan Ayoub — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The vast rise in the number of internet-connected devices necessitates a more accessible spectrum. As a result, Cognitive Radio was already proposed as a solution to the problem of restricted spectrum resources by utilizing available spectrum which is assigned to primary users. This method allows the secondary user to utilize the spectrum whenever the primary user is not using it, and it does so without intruding with the primary user. Whenever the secondary user detects the spectrum, it faces many issues, such as complexity in sensing, leading to a lack of noise value, and the primary user is hidden to all secondary users. In order to tackle these challenges, many spectrum sensing frameworks were introduced in the literature. In this paper, an adaptive threshold matched filter detector and a cooperative matched filter detector frameworks are utilized to detect the spectrum and resolve the issues above. The probability of detection (Pd), probability of miss detection (Pm), and probability of false alarm (Pf) are the metrics used to assess sensing accuracy. To simulate suggested detectors results and proficiency, the MATLAB R2020a software was utilized. In comparison to earlier studies, the simulation conclusions reveal that the detection process starts with lower SNR values compared to previous work.

REDUCTION JAMMER DETECTION AND RECOVERY ALGORITHMS FOR DSRC SAFETY APPLICATION IN VANET

Gaith Khalil, Ayoob Aziz, Zozan Ayoub — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) encompasses technologies, services, and applications facilitating communication between vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and fixed infrastructure (V2I and I2V). This mutual interaction constitutes a Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) which supports a plethora of applications targeting critical transportation aspects, such as safety, mobility, and environmental considerations. Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC), operating on the 5.9 GHz band, is pivotal for such exchanges. We introduced an innovative algorithm designed to identify jamming attacks and transition the Safety Application to a secure fail-safe mode. This algorithm leverages a dual-metric strategy, incorporating both distance and PDR measurements. Field tests confirm that our algorithm adeptly recognizes the activities of deceptive jammers, ensuring a prompt shift of the safety application into its fail-safe state. This paper delves into these countermeasures, evaluating their efficiency via mathematical modeling, simulations, and on-ground testing. Findings acknowledge that these strategies bolster the reliability of safety applications in jamming scenarios. Furthermore, the approaches propounded align with ongoing standardization endeavors by relevant authorities, ensuring communication mediums remain unhindered.

EFFECTS OF ETHNO-MATHEMATICS INSTRUCTIONAL APPROACH AND PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ INTEREST, ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION IN GEOMETRY IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

ADAMU GARBA — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effects of the Ethno-mathematics instructional approach and Problem-based learning strategy on students' interest, achievement, and retention in geometry in Benue State, Nigeria. Quasi-experimental design involving pretest, posttest, and post-posttest with two experimental groups and one control group. Twelve research questions guided the study and twelve hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The population comprised 20,213 Junior Secondary Two (JS II) students, with a sample of 1,200 students selected using simple random sampling. Two instruments were used for data collection namely; Geometry Interest Ratings Scale and Geometry Achievement Test. Content validity index for GIRS was 0.78 and construct validity for GAT was 0.88. The reliability of GIRS was tested using Cronbach Alpha formula which yielded an index of 0.81 and K-R21 was used to determine the reliability index of GAT which yielded an index of 0.75. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for research questions and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) for hypotheses The findings indicated a significant difference in the mean interest ratings of students taught geometry using the ethno-mathematics instructional approach, problem-based learning strategy, and conventional teaching approach. However, no significant difference was found in the mean interest scores between male and female students taught geometry using the ethnomathematics instructional approach or problem-based learning strategy. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the mean achievement and retention scores of students taught geometry using these approaches compared to the conventional teaching approach. No significant difference was found in the mean achievement or retention scores between male and female students taught using these approaches. The ANCOVA result on the interaction effect between methods and gender on retention indicates that there is no significant interaction effect between Ethno-mathematics instructional approach, Problem-based learning strategy and gender on retention. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that: Students should be subjected to consistent utilisation of ethno-mathematical operations within their culture, adoption of the ethno-mathematics instructional approach in the school system, and training of mathematics teachers in the use of ethno-mathematics instructional approach to improve students' interest, achievement and retention in geometry.

COMPUTING THE PLANKTON-OXYGEN DYNAMICS MODEL USING DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study proposes a novel approach to computing the plankton-oxygen dynamics model using deep neural networks (DNNs) within the context of climate change. By leveraging advanced computational methods, particularly deep learning algorithms, we aim to enhance our understanding of how plankton populations and oxygen concentrations interact in response to changing environmental conditions. The integration of DNNs offers several advantages, including the ability to capture complex nonlinear relationships and patterns from large datasets, making them well-suited for modeling dynamic systems such as aquatic ecosystems. By training DNNs on observational data and environmental variables, we can develop predictive models that simulate the behavior of plankton-oxygen dynamics under different climate scenarios. This research builds upon existing studies in ecological modeling and deep learning techniques to advance our knowledge of plankton-oxygen dynamics and their implications for ecosystem resilience in the face of climate change. By computationally modeling these dynamics, we can gain valuable insights into the mechanisms driving ecosystem responses to environmental stressors and inform conservation efforts and policy decisions.

IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ARCTIC FOX POPULATION DYNAMICS: A MATHEMATICAL MODELING APPROACH

Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study focuses on the impact of climate change on Arctic fox populations using mathematical modeling. The research employs a basic Lotka-Volterra-style model to simulate the effects of temperature, precipitation, and snow cover on the Arctic fox population dynamics. The model is based on the assumption that the population growth rate is limited by the carrying capacity of the environment and is influenced by these environmental factors. The study provides insights into the complex relationship between environmental factors and population changes, highlighting the need for more sophisticated models to holistically understand the impact of climate change on ecosystems. The findings underscore the importance of mathematical models in guiding adaptive strategies for ecosystem management amidst changing climates, emphasizing the necessity for further research to comprehensively address climate-induced challenges and ensure a sustainable future for ecosystems and species.

CHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN AFGHANISTAN: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

: Climate change is a global phenomenon that has significant impacts on various aspects of human life, including the environment, economy, and social well-being. Afghanistan, one of the least developed and most vulnerable countries to climate change, is facing alarming effects due to its high dependence on agricultural livelihoods, fragile environment, poor socio-economic development, high frequency of natural hazards, and over four decades of conflict. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on the impact of climate change on Afghanistan's environment, economy, and society, and to highlight the vulnerability of Afghanistan to climate change. The review also explores the chemical composition of air pollutants in Afghan cities, the impact of air and water pollution on human health and the environment, the influence of climate change on soil composition and nutrient availability, and the implications for water resources, including groundwater quality and availability. Finally, the review discusses the chemical aspects of climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts in Afghanistan, focusing on innovative technologies and practices to address climate-related challenges in the country.

The RELATIONSHIP OF ATTITUDE AND PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS OF THE BEED AND BSE STUDENTS

Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to determine if the attitude toward mathematics of BSE and BEED students in DMMMSU NLUC is significantly correlated to their Mathematics performance. Specifically, it seeks answers to the following questions: What is the profile of the students enrolled in Mathematics along sex, CAT Result in Mathematics and IQ level. What is the attitude of students towards Mathematics? What is performance of the respondents in Mathematics? Is there a significant relationship between profile variables and attitude towards Mathematics profile variables and performance in Mathematics, attitude toward Mathematics and Mathematics performance? Which among the variables are predictors of Mathematics performance? What action plan can be proposed to enhance the level of performance and attitude of the students in Mathematics?

This study utilized the descriptive method of investigation. This is best fitted to the study because this method involves describing, recording, analyzing and interpreting conditions that exist. It also includes some forms of comparison and contrast and discovers relationship between existing non-manipulative variables. The respondents are two classes enrolled in Basic Mathematics and Contemporary Mathematics for the SY 2014-2015. Their attitude towards Mathematics were obtained using an attitude inventory, their IQ and CAT Math results were obtained from the Guidance Office and their performance were taken from their final grade in Mathematics. The attitude of students toward Mathematics and their performance in Mathematics were described, analyzed, compared, and interpreted. Mean was used to describe the attitude and performance in Mathematics. Furthermore, the relationship of the aforementioned variables will be obtained. Hence, the use of statistics of correlation under descriptive method was also used.

The following are the salient findings of this study: Majority of the Mathematics students are females with fair to good performance in the Math CAT and IQ level. The students have positive to highly positive attitude towards Mathematics. The students have very good performance in Mathematics.IQ and CAT performance are significantly correlated with Mathematics performance. CAT significantly correlates with attitude and attitude is significantly correlated with Mathematics performance.

In the light of the above-stated findings, the following conclusions are drawn: The Math classes are dominated with females who have only fairly satisfactory to satisfactory IQ levels and performance in the CAT along Mathematics. A greater majority of the students find mathematics enjoyable, interesting and fun. Most of the students have acquired the needed competencies in Mathematics. They are good in computation, comprehension and problem solving. Those who have high IQ and high CAT results perform excellently in Mathematics. The better is the attitude towards Mathematics the higher is the performance in the subject. Attitude has a positive impact of performance in Mathematics.

Based on the conclusions, the researcher offered the following recommendations: Teachers are encouraged to customize their instruction and improve the use of modernized and innovative teaching techniques and strategies to enhance performance and attitude of students toward Mathematics. The Mathematics teachers especially the Math Club Adviser should consider the implementation of the Action Plan to improve attitude and performance in Mathematics. The administrators should support the implementation of the Action Plan by providing the opportunities and logistics for its accomplishment. The Action Plan should be considered for adoption by other HEIs in La Union with the administrators and Head of Mathematics Department planning its mechanics of implementation. A research on the effectiveness of the proposed action plan when implemented be conducted as basis for revisions and improvement.

ENHANCING ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS IN C++ THROUGH VEDIC MATHEMATICS PRINCIPLES

Rashmi Yadav, Shivam Sharma, S.R. Singh — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Vedic mathematics is a relatively recent subject of study that requires integration with other areas of study. It is a collection of formulas taken from ancient Vedic scriptures. Here, we have combined Vedic mathematics with computer science. Specifically, we have created C++ programmes utilising two Vedic mathematics sutras:

URDHVA TIRYAGBHYAM (Sutra-3)
SQUARE BY DUPLEX (4-DIGITS).

These two techniques speed up computations compared to more conventional techniques. We can discover the product and square of huge numbers with ease and with fewer errors when we use these two sutras.

THE CAUSE-AND-EFFECT PRINCIPLE: OPACITY OF SLAVERY IN TONI MORRISON’S BELOVED

Mr. S. LAKSHMAN SANTHOSH, Dr. S. MAHALAKSHMI — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

When Toni Morrison embarked on her exploration of slavery, she grappled with two crucial inquiries. The first question delved into the resilience of her nation in enduring the unimaginable cruelties inflicted upon them. The second question probed the conspicuous absence of any mention in European historical records regarding the origins of the slave trade and the subsequent forced migration. The novel is a fearful picture of how bestiality and cruelty could come together to question the crude practices of sexual exploitation, emotional breakdown and physical torture in the name of developing the Western economy. The paper is an attempt to look at the circumstances that gave way to the genesis of one of the most important forerunners of slavery and its repercussions.

THE PRIMAL FEAR: THE LANGUAGE OF THE FUTURE IN THE HUNGER GAMES

Mrs. G. ISWARYA GOPAN, Dr. P. MALATHY — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Hunger Games series was banned to begin with before even it became a cult classic because of its anti-family concerns, the rebellion and the attitude of challenging the governmental authority. The system of futuristic governance is a warning to the readers, especially the teens of tomorrow as to how their lives would be in future if they continue to remain complacent about the ways of the authorities who rule them over. There is crime, retribution and rebellion each of which has its causes, consequences and repercussions. The paper aims to look at the struggle for food which Katniss and Dale confront to take care of their families written in the language of the future. The words which the author has coined for the future and the shades of meaning that they give are also highlighted.

EXPLORING THE MODERN MYTHOLOGY: ANALYSING KAVITA KANE’S KARNA’S WIFE: THE OUTCAST’S QUEEN AND SITA’S SISTER

Mrs. S. SUGUNA, Dr. P. MALATHY — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In modern-day literature, the study of mythology has presented authors with a vast and intricate framework to craft elaborate narratives that delve deeply into the intricacies of human behaviour, interpersonal connections, and societal standards. This research paper embarks on a profound and comprehensive analysis of two compelling literary works by the esteemed author Kavita Kane, explicitly focusing on Karna’s Wife: The Outcast’s Queen and Sita’s Sister. Through a meticulous and rigorous examination of the character progression depicted in Karna’s Wife, the primary objective of this study is to uncover and elucidate how Kane adeptly illustrates the transformation of Uruvi’s character, the significant relationships that shape her journey, and the innovative perspective she brings to the enigmatic persona of Karna. Simultaneously, the scrutiny of themes and symbolism in Sita’s Sister delves deeply into the core thematic foundations of the novel, the symbolic elements skilfully utilised by Kane to enhance the storyline, and the crucial influence of familial and societal expectations in moulding the characters within the narrative. By closely analysing these critical components, this research paper strives to illuminate the intricate layers of storytelling and the contemporary reinterpretation of classical mythology in Kane’s literary creations, thereby contributing to the enhanced comprehension of the enduring fascination of mythology within present-day literature.

THOUGHT CRIME: THE BARRIER TO THINK WITH THE FACTION FACTOR

Mrs. G. ISWARYA GOPAN, Dr. P. MALATHY — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Aristotle is always right to have discovered one of the most binding factors which divide as well as unite a man, the entity of being in a society. When he means to tell his readers that man is a social animal, he means to say that man can also be tamed and trained like an animal when he is cornered or conditioned to do a specific task over a specific period without even telling him the reason as to why he should be doing it. The paper looks at the entity of thought, the removal of it, the introduction of oligarchy through collectivism which makes a man think only things he is dictated to think about. The Divergent Series explores the idea of dividing people so that they are confined to think what they have been asked to cite the welfare of the country as a whole. The paper looks at the way they are conditioned to do a piece of work through a series of tests which itself is a catalyst to make them devoid of independent thinking.

OPTION CHAIN DYNAMICS: ANALYSING OPEN INTEREST, TRADING VOLUME, AND LAST TRADED PRICE RELATIONSHIPS

Krishang Agarwal — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper investigates the dynamic interplay between option chain metrics—specifically open interest (OI), trading volume, and last traded price (LTP)—within financial markets. Utilizing data spanning multiple market cycles, we explore how changes in these metrics influence one another and impact underlying asset prices. Drawing upon existing literature and empirical analysis, we seek to elucidate the predictive power of these indicators on market movements and volatility.

ATTITUDE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS TOWARDS INCLUSIVE CLASSROOM AT ELEMENTARY STAGE

Dr. Sabita Mishra — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study attempted to find out the attitude of elementary school teachers towards inclusive classroom. Teachers’ attitude played a significant role in implementing the inclusive education in classroom. The population of the study comprised of all the elementary teachers of Puri district. 70 teachers were selected through incidental sampling from 20 schools of Nimapara Block of Puri district. Teachers’ attitude towards inclusive classroom was studied based on three demographic variables viz.locality, qualification and experience. The study was descriptive in nature and two tools (attitude scale and questionnaire) were used for data collection. The findings of the study revealed that (i) there was no significant difference in the attitude of rural andurbanteachers towards inclusive classroom (ii) no significant difference was found in the attitude of more qualified and less qualified teachers towards inclusive classroom and (iii) no significant difference was found in the attitude of more experienced and less experienced teachers towards inclusive classroom. However, 90 percent of teachers perceived inclusion as a desirable educational practice because inclusive classroom facilitated participation, encouraged cooperation and enhanced learning achievement of students. Only 10 percent of teachers perceived inclusionnegatively. The study also analysed some of the barriers to the development of successful inclusive practices and suggested the ways to overcome these difficulties and to reconsider the roles, responsibilities and identities of teachers.

RUNGE–KUTTA LIKE METHOD FOR THE SOLUTION OF OPTIMAL CONTROL MODEL OF REAL INVESTMENT AND FISH MANAGEMENT

Samuel Adamu, Adamu M. Alkali, Mathew Remileku Odekunle — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study develops the Runge-Kutta Like Method (RKLM), which uses Pontryagin's principle to solve optimal control problems numerically using forward-backward sweep methods. It is based on the Patade and Bhalekar methodology. The RKLM's stability properties and its convergence are examined. The Forward-backward sweep algorithm and the RKLM algorithm are implemented using MATLAB code. Physical optimum control problems are solved with the RKLM. The first problem's conclusion demonstrates that, when investment declines, the capital first grow to boost production before it depreciates. The outcome of the second problem demonstrates that a larger weight parameter causes the harvesting rate to reach zero more quickly and the total fish mass to reach its maximum level more quickly. The findings obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of using RKLM in conjunction with forward-backward sweep methods to solve optimal control problems.